标准电极电势表

标准电极电势表

标准电极电势可以用来计算化学电池或原电池的电化学势或电极电势。本表中所给出的电极电势以标准氢电极为参比电极，溶液中离子有效浓度为1mol/L，气体分压为100kPa，温度为298K，所有离子的数据都在水溶液中测得。[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]单击每栏上方的符号可将数据按元素符号或标准电极电势值排序。 注：(s) – 固体；(l) – 液体；(g) – 气体；(aq) – 水溶液；(Hg) – 汞齐。

E° (V)[注 半反应 1] 来源 Ba+ + e− Ba(s) −4.38 [10][1][3] Sr+ + e− Sr(s) −4.10 [11][1][3] Ca+ + e− Ca(s) −3.8 [11][1][3] Pr3+ +  e− Pr2+ −3.1 [11]  N2(g) + H+ + e− HN3(aq) −3.09 [6] Li+ + e− Li(s) −3.0401 [5] 精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

N2(g) + 4 H2O + 2 e− 2 NH2OH(aq) + 2 OH−

−3.04 [6]

Cs+ + e−

Cs(s) −3.026 [5]

Ca(OH)2(s) + 2 e− Ca(s) + 2 OH−

−3.02 [11]

Rb+ + e−

Rb(s) −2.98 [4]

K+ + e−

K(s) −2.931 [5]

Mg+ + e−

Mg(s) −2.93 [10]

Ba2+ + 2 e−

Ba(s) −2.912 [5]

La(OH)3(s) + 3 e− La(s) + 3OH−

−2.90 [5]

Fr+ +  e−

Fr(s) −2.9 [11]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Sr2+ + 2 e−

Sr(s) −2.9 [5]

Sr(OH)2(s) + 2 e− Sr(s) + 2 OH−

−2.88 [11]

Ca2+ + 2 e−

Ca(s) −2.868 [5]

Eu2+ + 2 e−

Eu(s) −2.812 [5]

Ra2+ + 2 e−

Ra(s) −2.8 [5]

Yb2+ + 2 e−

Yb(s) −2.76 [11][1]

Na+ + e−

Na(s) −2.71 [5][9]

Sm2+ + 2 e−

Sm(s) −2.68 [11][1]

No2+ + 2 e−

No(s) −2.50 [11]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

HfO(OH)2(s) +  H2O + 4 e− Hf(s) + 4 OH−

−2.50 [11]

Th(OH)4(s) + 4 e− Th(s) + 4 OH−

−2.48 [11]

Md2+ + 2 e−

Md(s) −2.40 [11]

La3+ + 3 e−

La(s) −2.379 [5]

Y3+ + 3 e−

Y(s) −2.372 [5]

Mg2+ + 2 e−

Mg(s) −2.372 [5]

ZrO(OH)2(s) + H2O + 4 e− Zr(s) + 4OH−

−2.36 [5]

Pr3+ + 3 e−

Pr(s) −2.353 [11]

Ce3+ + 3 e−

Ce(s) −2.336 [11]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Er3+ + 3 e−

Er(s) −2.331 [11]

Ho3+ + 3 e−

Ho(s) −2.33 [11]

Al(OH)4− + 3 e− Al(s) + 4 OH−

−2.33

Al(OH)3(s) + 3 e− Al(s) + 3OH−

−2.31

Tb3+ + 3 e−

Tb(s) −2.28

H2(g) + 2 e− 2 H−

−2.25

Ac3+ + 3 e−

Ac(s) −2.20

Be+ + e−

Be(s) −2.12 [10]

Cf2+ + 2 e−

Cf(s) −2.12 [11]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Am3+ + 3 e−

Am(s) −2.048 [11]

Cf3+ + 3 e−

Cf(s) −1.94 [11]

Am2+ + 2 e−

Am(s) −1.9 [11]

Be2+ + 2 e−

Be(s) −1.85

Rf4+ + 4 e−

Rf(s) −1.67 [12]

U3+ + 3 e−

U(s) −1.66 [7]

Al3+ + 3 e−

Al(s) −1.66 [9]

Ti2+ + 2 e−

Ti(s) −1.63 [9]

Bk2+ + 2 e−

Bk(s) −1.6 [11]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

ZrO2(s) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

Zr(s) + 2 H2O −1.553 [5]

Hf4+ + 4 e−

Hf(s) −1.55 [11]

Zr4+ + 4 e−

Zr(s) −1.45 [5]

Ti3+ + 3 e−

Ti(s) −1.37 [13]

TiO(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

Ti(s) +  H2O −1.31

Ti2O3(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

2 TiO(s) +  H2O −1.23

Zn(OH)42− + 2 e− Zn(s) + 4 OH−

−1.199 [14]

Mn2+ + 2 e−

Mn(s) −1.185 [14]

Fe(CN)− + 6 H+ + 2  e−

Fe(s) + 4HCN(aq) −1.16 [15]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

V2+ + 2 e−

V(s) −1.175 [2]

Te(s) + 2 e− Te2−

−1.143 [2]

Nb3+ + 3 e−

Nb(s) −1.099

Sn(s) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

SnH4(g) −1.07

In(OH)3(s) + 3 e− In(s) + 3 OH−

−0.99 [11]

SiO2(s) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

Si(s) + 2 H2O −0.91

B(OH)3(aq) + 3 H+ + 3 e−

B(s) + 3 H2O −0.

Fe(OH)2(s) + 2 e− Fe(s) + 2 OH−

−0. [15]

Fe2O3(s) + 3 H2O + 2 e− 2Fe(OH)2(s) + 2 OH−

−0.86 [15]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

TiO2+ + 2 H+ + 4 e−

Ti(s) +  H2O −0.86

2 H2O + 2 e− H2(g) + 2 OH−

−0.8277 [5]

Bi(s) + 3 H+ + 3 e−

BiH3 −0.8 [14]

Zn2+ + 2 e−

Zn(Hg) −0.7628 [5]

Zn2+ + 2 e−

Zn(s) −0.7618 [5]

Ta2O5(s) + 10 H+ + 10 e−

2 Ta(s) + 5 H2O −0.75

Cr3+ + 3 e−

Cr(s) −0.74

[Au(CN)2]− + e− Au(s) + 2 CN−

−0.60

Ta3+ + 3 e−

Ta(s) −0.6

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

PbO(s) + H2O + 2 e− Pb(s) + 2 OH−

−0.58

2 TiO2(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

Ti2O3(s) + H2O −0.56

Ga3+ + 3 e−

Ga(s) −0.53

U4+ + e−

U3+ −0.52 [7]

H3PO2(aq) + H+ + e−

P(白磷[16]) + 2 H2O −0.508 [5]

H3PO3(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

H3PO2(aq) + H2O −0.499 [5]

H3PO3(aq) + 3 H+ + 3 e−

P(红磷)[16] + 3H2O −0.4 [5]

Fe2+ + 2 e−

Fe(s) −0.44 [9]

2 CO2(g) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

HOOCCOOH(aq) −0.43

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Cr3+ + e−

Cr2+ −0.42

Cd2+ + 2 e−

Cd(s) −0.40 [9]

SeO32− + 4e− + 3H2O ⇌ Se + 6OH−

−0.37 [17]

GeO2(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

GeO(s) + H2O −0.37

Cu2O(s) + H2O + 2 e− 2 Cu(s) + 2 OH−

−0.360 [5]

PbSO4(s) + 2 e− Pb(s) + SO42−

−0.3588 [5]

PbSO4(s) + 2 e− Pb(Hg) + SO42−

−0.3505 [5]

Eu3+ + e−

Eu2+ −0.35 [7]

In3+ + 3 e−

In(s) −0.34 [2]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Tl+ + e−

Tl(s) −0.34 [2]

Ge(s) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

GeH4(g) −0.29

Co2+ + 2 e−

Co(s) −0.28 [5]

H3PO4(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

H3PO3(aq) + H2O −0.276 [5]

V3+ + e−

V2+ −0.26 [9]

Ni2+ + 2 e−

Ni(s) −0.25

As(s) + 3 H+ + 3 e−

AsH3(g) −0.23 [2]

AgI(s) +  e− Ag(s) + I−

−0.15224 [14]

MoO2(s) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

Mo(s) + 2 H2O −0.15

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Si(s) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

SiH4(g) −0.14

Sn2+ + 2 e−

Sn(s) −0.13

O2(g) + H+ + e−

HO2•(aq) −0.13

Pb2+ + 2 e−

Pb(s) −0.13 [9]

WO2(s) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

W(s) + 2 H2O −0.12

P(红磷) + 3 H+ + 3 e−

PH3(g) −0.111 [5]

CO2(g) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

HCOOH(aq) −0.11

Se(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

H2Se(g) −0.11

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

CO2(g) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

CO(g) + H2O −0.11

SnO(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

Sn(s) + H2O −0.10

SnO2(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

SnO(s) + H2O −0.09

WO3(aq) + 6 H+ + 6 e−

W(s) + 3 H2O −0.09 [2]

P(白磷) + 3 H+ + 3 e−

PH3(g) −0.063 [5]

Fe3+ + 3 e−

Fe(s) −0.04 [15]

HCOOH(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

HCHO(aq) + H2O −0.03

2 H+ + 2 e−

H2(g) 0.00 ≡ 0

AgBr(s) +  e− Ag(s) + Br−

+0.07133 [14]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

S4O62− + 2 e− 2 S2O32−

+0.08

Fe3O4(s) + 8 H+ + 8 e−

3 Fe(s) + 4 H2O +0.085 [8]

N2(g) + 2 H2O + 6H+ + 6 e−

2 NH4OH(aq) +0.092

HgO(s) + H2O + 2 e− Hg(l) + 2 OH−

+0.0977

Cu(NH3)42+ + e−

Cu(NH3)2+ + 2 NH3 +0.10 [2]

Ru(NH3)63+ + e−

Ru(NH3)62+ +0.10 [7]

N2H4(aq) + 4 H2O + 2 e− 2 NH4+ + 4 OH−

+0.11 [6]

H2MoO4(aq) + 6 H+ + 6 e−

Mo(s) + 4 H2O +0.11

Ge4+ + 4 e−

Ge(s) +0.12

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

C(s) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

CH4(g) +0.13 [2]

HCHO(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

CH3OH(aq) +0.13

S(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

H2S(g) +0.14

Sn4+ + 2 e−

Sn2+ +0.15

Cu2+ + e−

Cu+ +0.159 [2]

HSO4− + 3 H+ + 2 e−

SO2(aq) + 2 H2O +0.16

UO22+ + e−

UO2+ +0.163 [7]

SO42− + 4 H+ + 2 e−

SO2(aq) + 2 H2O +0.17

TiO2+ + 2 H+ + e−

Ti3+ + H2O +0.19

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Bi3+ + 2e−

Bi+ +0.2

SbO+ + 2 H+ + 3 e−

Sb(s) + H2O +0.20

AgCl(s) +  e− Ag(s) + Cl−

+0.22233 [14]

H3AsO3(aq) + 3 H+ + 3 e−

As(s) + 3 H2O +0.24

GeO(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

Ge(s) + H2O +0.26

UO2+ + 4 H+ + e−

U4+ + 2 H2O +0.273 [7]

At2 + e−

2 At- +0.3 [11]

Re3+ + 3 e−

Re(s) +0.300

Bi3+ + 3 e−

Bi(s) +0.32

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

VO2+ + 2 H+ + e−

V3+ + H2O +0.34

Cu2+ + 2 e−

Cu(s) +0.340 [2]

[Fe(CN)6]3− + e− [Fe(CN)6]4−

+0.36

Tc2+ + 2 e−

Tc(s) +0.40 [11]

O2(g) + 2 H2O + 4 e− 4 OH−(aq)

+0.40 [9]

H2MoO4 + 6 H+ + 3 e−

Mo3+ + 2 H2O +0.43

Ru2+ + 2 e−

Ru(s) +0.455 [11]

Bi+ + e−

Bi(s) +0.50

CH3OH(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

CH4(g) + H2O +0.50

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

SO2(aq) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

S(s) + 2 H2O +0.50

Cu+ + e−

Cu(s) +0.520 [2]

CO(g) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

C(s) + H2O +0.52

I3− + 2 e− 3 I−

+0.53 [9]

I2(s) + 2 e− 2 I−

+0. [9]

[AuI4]− + 3 e− Au(s) + 4 I−

+0.56

H3AsO4(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

H3AsO3(aq) + H2O +0.56

[AuI2]− + e− Au(s) + 2 I−

+0.58

MnO4− + 2 H2O + 3 e− MnO2(s) + 4 OH−

+0.59

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Rh+ + e−

Rh(s) +0.600 [11]

S2O32 − + 6 H+ + 4 e−

2 S(s) + 3 H2O +0.60

Fc+ +  e−

Fc(s) +0.1 [18]

+0.3

+  e−

Ag +

−

[11]

H2MoO4(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

MoO2(s) + 2 H2O +0.65

+ 2 H+ + 2 e

−

+0.6992 [14]

O2(g) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

H2O2(aq) +0.70

Tl3+ + 3 e−

Tl(s) +0.72

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

PtCl62− + 2 e− PtCl42− + 2 Cl−

+0.726 [7]

H2SeO3(aq) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

Se(s) + 3 H2O +0.74

Rh3+ + 3 e−

Rh(s) +0.758 [11]

PtCl42− + 2 e− Pt(s) + 4 Cl−

+0.758 [7]

Fe3+ + e−

Fe2+ +0.77

Ag+ + e−

Ag(s) +0.7996 [5]

Hg22+ + 2 e−

2 Hg(l) +0.80

NO3−(aq) + 2 H+ + e−

NO2(g) + H2O +0.80

FeO42− + 5 H2O + 6 e− Fe2O3(s) + 10  OH−

+0.81 [15]

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

H2(g) + 2 OH− 2 H2O + 2 e−

+0.828 [19]

[AuBr4]− + 3 e− Au(s) + 4 Br−

+0.85

Hg2+ + 2 e−

Hg(l) +0.85

MnO4− + H+ + e− HMnO4−

+0.90

2 Hg2+ + 2 e−

Hg22+ +0.91 [2]

Pd2+ + 2 e−

Pd(s) +0.915 [7]

[AuCl4]− + 3 e− Au(s) + 4 Cl−

+0.93

MnO2(s) + 4 H+ + e−

Mn3+ + 2 H2O +0.95

[AuBr2]− + e− Au(s) + 2 Br−

+0.96

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

[HXeO6]3− + 2 H2O + 2 e− + 4  OH−

[HXeO4]− +

+0.99

[20]

HNO2 + H+ + e- = NO(g) + H2O +0.996

H6TeO6(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

TeO2(s) + 4 H2O +1.02 [21]

Br2(l) + 2 e− 2 Br−

+1.07

Br2(aq) + 2 e− 2 Br−

+1.09 [9]

NO2(g) + H+ + e- = HNO2 +1.093

IO3− + 5 H+ + 4 e−

HIO(aq) + 2 H2O +1.13

[AuCl2]− + e− Au(s) + 2 Cl−

+1.15

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

HSeO4− + 3 H+ + 2 e−

H2SeO3(aq) + H2O +1.15

Ir3+ + 3 e−

Ir(s) +1.156 [11]

Ag2O(s) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

2 Ag(s) + H2O +1.17

ClO3− + 2 H+ + e−

ClO2(g) + H2O +1.18

[HXeO6]3− + 5 H2O + 8  e− Xe(g) + 11 OH−

+1.18 [20]

Pt2+ + 2 e−

Pt(s) +1.188 [7]

ClO2(g) + H+ + e−

HClO2(aq) +1.19

2 IO3− + 12 H+ + 10 e−

I2(s) + 6 H2O +1.20

ClO4− + 2 H+ + 2 e− ClO3− + H2O

+1.20

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

O2(g) + 4 H+ + 4 e−

2 H2O +1.229 [9]

MnO2(s) + 4 H+ + 2 e−

Mn2+ + 2H2O +1.23

[HXeO4]− + 3 H2O + 6  e− Xe(g) + 7 OH−

+1.24 [20]

Tl3+ + 2 e−

Tl+ +1.25

Cr2O72 − + 14 H+ + 6 e−

2 Cr3+ + 7 H2O +1.33

Cl2(g) + 2 e− 2 Cl−

+1.36 [9]

CoO2(s) + 4 H+ + e−

Co3+ + 2 H2O +1.42

2 NH3OH+ + H+ + 2 e−

N2H5+ + 2 H2O +1.42 [6]

2 HIO(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

I2(s) + 2 H2O +1.44

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Ce4+ + e−

Ce3+ +1.44

BrO3− + 5 H+ + 4 e−

HBrO(aq) + 2 H2O +1.45

β-PbO2(s) + 4 H+ + 2 e−

Pb2+ + 2 H2O +1.460 [2]

α-PbO2(s) + 4 H+ + 2 e−

Pb2+ + 2 H2O +1.468 [2]

2 BrO3− + 12 H+ + 10 e−

Br2(l) + 6 H2O +1.48

2ClO3− + 12 H+ + 10 e−

Cl2(g) + 6 H2O +1.49

HO2 + H+ + e−

H2O2 +1.495 [11]

MnO4− + 8 H+ + 5 e−

Mn2+ + 4 H2O +1.51

HO2 + H+ + e−

•

H2O2(aq) +1.51

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

Au3+ + 3 e−

Au(s) +1.52

NiO2(s) + 4 H+ + 2 e− Ni2+ + 2 OH−

+1.59

2 HClO(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

Cl2(g) + 2 H2O +1.63

Ag2O3(s) + 6 H+ + 4 e−

2 Ag+ + 3 H2O +1.67

HClO2(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

HClO(aq) + H2O +1.67

Pb4+ + 2 e−

Pb2+ +1.69 [2]

MnO4− + 4 H+ + 3 e−

MnO2(s) + 2 H2O +1.70

AgO(s) + 2 H+ + e−

Ag+ + H2O +1.77

精品资料

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

 H2O2(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

2 H2O +1.776

Co3+ + e−

Co2+ +1.82

Au+ + e−

Au(s) +1.83 [2]

BrO4− + 2 H+ + 2 e− BrO3− + H2O

+1.85

Ag2+ + e−

Ag+ +1.98 [2]

S2O82− + 2 e− 2 SO42−

+2.07

O3(g) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

O2(g) + H2O +2.075 [7]

HMnO4− + 3 H+ + 2 e−

MnO2(s) + 2 H2O +2.09

XeO3(aq) + 6 H+ + 6  e−

Xe(g) + 3 H2O +2.12 [20]

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E° (V)[注

半反应

1]

来源

H4XeO6(aq) + 8 H+ + 8  e−

Xe(g) + 6  H2O +2.18 [20]

FeO42− + 3 e− + 8 H+

Fe3+ + 4 H2O +2.20 [22]

XeF2(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

Xe(g) + 2HF(aq) +2.32 [20]

H4XeO6(aq) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

XeO3(aq) +  H2O +2.42 [20]

F2(g) + 2 e− 2 F−

+2.87 [2][9]

F2(g) + 2 H+ + 2 e−

2 HF(aq) +3.05 [2]

Tb4+ +  e−

 Tb3+ +3.05 [11]

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